Attendance Service

Our Attendance Service works in partnership with schools, families and partner agencies to improve school attendance and ensure every child in Waltham Forest has access to a suitable, full-time education. Working Together to Improve School Attendance (July 2026) affirms that attendance is everyone’s responsibility and that improving attendance requires a coordinated, supportive approach involving schools, families, trusts, local authorities and wider partners. We are committed to working with our families, to identify and remove barriers to attendance before considering legal intervention. 

In Waltham Forest, we view our collective role is to:

Set high expectations for attendance

  • Promote and improve school attendance.
  • Communicate the importance of attendance for educational achievement, wellbeing and safeguarding

Identify concerns early

  • Use attendance data to monitor patterns of absence and spot emerging concerns quickly
  • Share information appropriately so support can be provided before absence becomes persistent or severe

Listen, understand and remove barriers

  • Work with pupils and families to understand the reasons behind absence
  • Recognise that absence is often a symptom of wider issues such as SEND needs, health difficulties, family circumstances, safeguarding concerns or social disadvantage

Provide coordinated support

  • Schools, local authorities, health services, social care, youth justice teams and voluntary organisations will provide joined-up support
  • Interventions should be proportionate, personalised and focused on helping children access full-time education

Escalate support where necessary

  • Where attendance does not improve through voluntary support, partners should formalise support through attendance contracts, education supervision orders or other structured interventions
  • Legal action should only be considered when support has been exhausted or is not appropriate

To achieve our collective ambition, we recognise that:

Schools lead day-to-day attendance improvement, build relationships with families, monitor attendance, provide early support, and coordinate interventions.

Academy trusts and governing bodies provide strategic oversight, challenge and support school leaders, ensure compliance, allocate resources and promote effective practice.

Local authority provides strategic leadership across an area, analyse attendance trends, coordinate support, facilitate multi-agency working and lead statutory attendance interventions.

Parents have the legal responsibility to ensure their child receives a suitable education and attends school regularly when registered.  Parents/Carers are expected to engage with support and work in partnership with schools.

Pupils should be involved in discussions about barriers to attendance and the support needed to overcome them.

Wider partners such as social care, health services, police, youth offending teams, virtual schools and voluntary organisations should be invited to contribute specialist support to address underlying causes of absence

Why Your Child Should Attend School Regularly

As a parent or carer, you are legally responsible for making sure your child receives a suitable full-time education from the age of 5 to 16. For most families, this means ensuring your child attends school every day and on time, unless there is a valid reason for absence.  Missing school, even occasionally, can cause children to fall behind in their learning, making it more difficult to catch up and achieve their potential. School provides a daily routine that supports emotional, social and academic development. Consistent attendance helps children develop positive habits and resilience. School helps keep children safe, supported and connected with trusted adults and friends. Good attendance can reduce the risk of isolation and vulnerability, including exploitation and other safeguarding concerns.

Attending school regularly helps children develop confidence, communication skills, resilience and a positive attitude towards learning and work.

Helping your child attend school

Parents can support attendance by:

Establishing Positive Routines

  • Maintaining consistent bedtimes.
  • Limiting screen time before bed.
  • Preparing school items the night before.

Communicating with School

  • Reporting absences promptly.
  • Sharing concerns as soon as possible.
  • Maintaining contact throughout periods of absence.

Working with the School

  • Engaging with support plans.
  • Attending meetings.
  • Accepting support and referrals where appropriate.

Supporting Wellbeing

  • Talking regularly with children about school.
  • Raising concerns directly with the school.
  • Seeking medical advice where necessary.

 

Absence from school

When absence is allowed

Your child can legally miss school if:

  • they are too ill to attend
  • you have permission from the school for a leave of absence in exceptional circumstances (for example: a family funeral)
  • they are observing a religious festival
  • there are transport issues and the local authority is responsible for providing transport but hasn't done so

You must contact the school on the first day of absence to explain why your child is not in school. If you don't, the school will follow up to find out the reason.

 Many children can continue attending school with:

  • Mild coughs.
  • Minor colds.
  • Sniffles.
  • Slight tiredness.

Parents are expected to make a reasonable judgement based on their child's condition.

If you are unsure, it is usually better to send your child to school and inform staff of your concerns. Staff can monitor your child's wellbeing and contact you if necessary.

Reporting Absence

Parents should follow their school's Attendance Policy.

The policy will explain:

  • How absence should be reported.
  • When absence should be reported.
  • What evidence may be required.
  • How to maintain contact during longer absences.

Schools have a duty to monitor attendance, safeguard children and identify attendance patterns that may require support or intervention.

Term-Time Holidays and Leave of Absence

All requests for leave of absence must be made in advance. Schools may only authorise leave in exceptional circumstances. Term-time holidays are not normally considered exceptional circumstances. 

If leave is taken without authorisation:

  • The absence will be recorded as unauthorised.
  • A Fixed Penalty Notice may be issued.
  • Further legal action may be considered.

Families are encouraged to arrange holidays during school closure periods.

 

Attendance and SEND

The Local Authority recognises that some children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) may face additional barriers to school attendance.

Schools, (Name of Service) and partner agencies will consider:

  • The child's individual needs and circumstances.
  • Any Special Educational Needs and Disabilities.
  • Medical needs and advice from health professionals.
  • Education, Health and Care Plans (EHCPs).
  • Appropriate adjustments to support attendance.
  • Whether additional support services may be required.

The expectation remains that all children should attend school regularly wherever possible. However, support and intervention should be tailored to meet individual needs and remove barriers to attendance.

Emotionally Based School Avoidance (EBSA)

Some children experience significant anxiety or emotional distress about attending school.

Signs may include:

  • Frequent complaints of illness before school.
  • Increased anxiety on school days.
  • Difficulty leaving home.
  • Emotional distress linked to attendance.
  • Reduced attendance over time.

Parents should speak to the school as soon as possible if they believe their child is struggling with emotionally based attendance difficulties.

Early intervention can help prevent attendance difficulties becoming more entrenched.

What Happens if Support is Refused or Not Engaged With?

Support can only be effective when families engage with it.

Where support is:

  • Repeatedly declined.
  • Not engaged with.
  • Unsuccessful in improving attendance.

the school and Local Authority may determine that voluntary intervention has not been effective and may move to the next stage of the attendance framework. 

This may include:

  • Formal attendance monitoring.
  • A Notice to Improve.
  • Fixed Penalty Notice consideration.
  • Other legal interventions.

Each case is considered individually, taking account of fairness, proportionality and the child's circumstances.

What to do if your child is struggling to attend school

We appreciate that there are a range of factors or reasons that your child may struggle to attend school, if your child is not attending school as expected, or you have concerns about your child’s attendance, we would encourage you to:  

  • Speak to the school as early as possible. 

  • Share any concerns about health, wellbeing or family circumstances. 

  • Engage with any support offered. 

  • Attend meetings and reviews. 

  • Work in partnership with the school and our attendance officer(s) to improve attendance  

Support is available and early intervention is often the most effective way of preventing attendance concerns from escalating.

Your legal duty to ensure school attendance

Under Section 7 of the Education Act 1996, parents are legally responsible for ensuring that their child receives a suitable full-time education.  Education must be efficient, full-time, suitable to the child's age, ability and aptitude and appropriate to any Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND). 

Most parents meet this duty by registering their child at school. Once registered, children are expected to attend every day the school is open unless there is an authorised reason for absence.

Who is a Parent Under Education Law? 

Under Sections 444 and 576 of the Education Act 1996, a "parent" includes:  

 

 

Waltham Forest Graduated Response to Attendance

Waltham Forest follows a graduated response to attendance concerns. The purpose of the graduated response is to ensure that families are given appropriate support and opportunities to improve attendance before statutory intervention is considered.

Stage 1 – School Attendance Monitoring

  • Attendance concerns are identified.
  • The school discusses concerns with parents.
  • Early support and intervention are offered.
  • Attendance is monitored.

Stage 2 – Targeted Attendance Support

  • Attendance concerns persist.
  • Attendance plans or targeted interventions are implemented.
  • Support is tailored to the needs of the child and family.
  • Progress is reviewed regularly.

Stage 3 – (Service Name) Involvement

  • (Service Name) may become involved where concerns continue.
  • Additional support and challenge may be provided.
  • The child and family circumstances are reviewed.
  • Attendance is closely monitored.

Stage 4 – Notice to Improve

  • Attendance remains a significant concern.
  • Support has been offered but attendance has not improved sufficiently.
  • Attendance expectations and targets are formally set.
  • Families are given a final opportunity to secure improvement.

Stage 5 – Fixed Penalty Notice Consideration

A Fixed Penalty Notice may be considered where:

  • The national threshold for unauthorised absence has been met; and/or
  • Attendance has not improved despite support and intervention; or
  • The circumstances are such that support is not appropriate, for example an unauthorised term-time holiday.

Stage 6 – Further Statutory Intervention

The Local Authority may consider:

  • Education Supervision Orders (ESO).
  • Parenting Orders.
  • School Attendance Orders (SAO).
  • Prosecution under the Education Act 1996.

Each case will be considered individually and decisions will be made in accordance with legislation, statutory guidance and the principles of fairness, consistency and proportionality.

 

Legal Intervention

Notice to Improve (NTI)

A Notice to Improve is a formal step within Waltham Forest's graduated response to attendance concerns and may be issued where:

  • Attendance remains a significant concern.
  • Appropriate support has been offered.
  • Attendance has not improved despite intervention.
  • Parents have not engaged sufficiently with support offered.

The Notice to Improve will:

  • Remind parents of their legal responsibility to ensure their child attends school regularly.
  • Explain the attendance concerns that have led to the notice being issued.
  • Set out clear attendance expectations and targets.
  • Identify support available to help improve attendance.
  • Specify the review and improvement period.
  • Explain the possible consequences if attendance does not improve.

The Notice to Improve provides families with a final opportunity to secure sustained improvement before further enforcement action, including the consideration of a Fixed Penalty Notice or other statutory interventions.

Parents are strongly encouraged to engage with the school and (Name of Service) during this period to address barriers to attendance and avoid further escalation.

 

 

Circumstance   

Amount Payable   

Payment Deadline   

Outcome if Unpaid   

 

  First Fixed Penalty Notice

 

   £80 per parent, per child

 

    Within 21 days

 

    Increases to £160

 

First Fixed Penalty Notice

 

£160 per parent, per child

 

Between 22 and 28 days

 

May result in prosecution

 

Second Fixed Penalty Notice (same child within a rolling three-year period) 

£160 per parent, per child 

 

Within 28 days

May result in prosecution

 

Third Attendance Offence (same child within a rolling three-year period)

 

No Fixed Penalty Notice available

 

N/A

 

 Consideration of prosecution under Section 444 Education Act 1996

 

 

Summary of National Framework

Attendance Contracts

An Attendance Contract is a formal written agreement between parents, the school and/or the Local Authority designed to help improve a child's attendance.

Attendance Contracts may be used where attendance concerns continue despite earlier support. They help families, schools and the Local Authority work together to identify barriers to attendance and agree practical actions to improve it. 

An Attendance Contract will usually:

  • Identify barriers affecting attendance.
  • Set out the support available.
  • Agree actions for parents, the school and other professionals.
  • Establish attendance expectations and review dates. 

Although called a contract, it is not legally binding and is not an enforcement action. However, it demonstrates a shared commitment to improving attendance and may be considered as part of the wider attendance process if concerns continue. 

Attendance Contracts are generally used:

  • After support and early intervention have been offered.
  • Before or alongside a Notice to Improve.
  • Prior to more formal legal interventions being considered

Education Supervision Orders (ESO)

An Education Supervision Order (ESO) is a legal measure used by local authorities in England and Wales to support children who are not attending school regularly. It is designed to help families improve school attendance without immediately resorting to prosecution.

What is an ESO?

An ESO is granted by the Family Court under Section 36 of the Children Act 1989. It places a child under the supervision of a local authority-appointed officer, usually an Attendance Support Officer, who works closely with the child, parents, school, and other agencies to address the reasons for poor attendance.

When an ESO is used

An ESO is considered when:

  • a child is persistently absent from school
  • parents are not engaging with voluntary support
  • there is concern that prosecution alone would not improve the situation
  • the child is refusing to attend school despite parental efforts

Before applying for an ESO, the local authority will usually hold a planning meeting with the family, school, and any involved professionals to create a voluntary support plan. If this plan fails and attendance does not improve, an ESO may be applied for with the family's knowledge and involvement.

How it works

Once granted, the ESO:

  • lasts for 12 months (renewable annually for up to 3 years)
  • appoints a Supervising Officer to support and direct the child and parents
  • requires all parties to follow a formal plan to improve attendance
  • gives the local authority the power to direct the child and parents in matters related to education

Parents retain parental responsibility, but they must comply with the directions of the Supervising Officer. They cannot move the child to another school without the local authority's permission during the ESO.

If the ESO is ignored

If the child or parents do not comply:

  • the Supervising Officer may issue a warning
  • the case may be referred to Social Care for further assessment
  • the court may discharge the ESO and recommend other interventions
  • parents may face a fine of up to £1,000 for persistent non-compliance

Parenting Orders 

What is a Parenting Order?

A Parenting Order is a legal measure that can be issued by a Court when a parent has been found guilty of failing to ensure their child attends school regularly.

Parenting Orders are designed to support parents in meeting their responsibilities for their child's education and attendance. They focus on helping families address the causes of poor attendance and supporting positive and lasting improvements.

A Parenting Order may be considered where:

  • Attendance concerns continue despite support and intervention.
  • The Court believes additional support and accountability would benefit the child and family.
  • Attendance-related legal proceedings have taken place.
  • Other attendance interventions have not secured sufficient improvement. 

How it Works

A Parenting Order aims to help parents develop the skills, strategies and confidence needed to support their child's regular attendance at school.

The Order may require a parent to:

  • Attend parenting sessions or counselling.
  • Engage with support services.
  • Comply with requirements set by the Court.
  • Work with professionals involved in supporting the child and family. 

Parenting Orders are intended to support positive changes in attendance and may be used alongside other legal interventions where appropriate. 

If You Do Not Comply

Parents are expected to comply with the requirements set out in the Parenting Order.

Failure to comply with the requirements of a Parenting Order may result in further action being taken by the Court. 

Parents who are struggling to meet the requirements of a Parenting Order should speak to the relevant professional or service involved as early as possible so that appropriate support can be considered.

How Parenting Orders Fit Within the Attendance Framework

Parenting Orders may be considered alongside:

  • Notice to Improve processes.
  • Fixed Penalty Notices.
  • Education Supervision Orders.
  • School Attendance Orders.
  • Prosecution under Section 444 of the Education Act 1996.

https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence/legal-action-to-enforce-school-attendance 

Last update: Wednesday 22nd of July 2026 01:48:58 PM